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Tamboora/Tanpura:
The tamboora, also called the Tanpura, comprises a gourd, which rests on the floor or lap, integrated with a long neck, which is held upright. The function of this dron instrument is to sound the tonic constantly. There are
from four to six strings and no frets. The strings are not plucked
as such but are, rather, gently stroked (the Hindi word
is 'chehrna")
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with the fingers of the right hand. Tambooras come in many sizes and pieces of quill or silk are often inserted between the strings and the bridge to create a buzzing effect.In the Punjab and other regions, there exists a primitive type of tamboora without a belly. It is merely a hollow bamboo with taut strings and, in the earthly language of the Punjab, is called
Sursota, 'drone-stick'. Often, in the absence of a tamboora, the drone is provided by a harmonium, known as
Sur-peti, 'drone-box.
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Violin
:
The violin was introduced into India from the west over three centuries ago, and was quickly adopted by Indian
musicians. It is, however, held differently. The player sits on the floor and holds the instrument against the chest below the left shoulder. It is the most important bowed
instrument in south India - an indication that the violin was probably brought in by the Portuguese.
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